Hydrogen Minimization of a Hybrid Multi-Stack Fuel Cell Vehicle Using an Optimization-Based Strategy

This paper investigates the development of an optimization-based energy management strategy called equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) for a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV). The powertrain of this vehicle comprises four fuel cells and a battery pack. This work mainly aims to reduce hydrogen consumption of the multi-stack system using ECMS as one of the most powerful online strategies in the literature for maximizing fuel economy. To validate the performance of the proposed strategy, it is compared with dynamic programming (DP). The results illustrate that there is a good match with DP, although ECMS is an online method.