Miniaturized Inward Fractal Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection

The number of cancer diagnosed patients is rapidly increasing nowadays. Therefore, researchers are putting tremendous efforts to achieve efficient early cancer detection techniques in order to improve the survival rates as much as possible. Along this line and using EM detection approach, a miniaturized inward fractal antenna of size $\text{10} \times 10 \text{mm}^{2} {(0.25\lambda\times 0.25\lambda)}$ is designed, simulated in HFSS, fabricated on an FR4 substrate, and measured using a VNA network analyzer. It shows good impedance matching at 7.7 GHz with a gain of 2.9 dBi. This antenna is a good candidate for detecting the presence of a breast tumor because it is easy to fabricate by chemical etching with a low cost. Also, having a lightweight of 2g and a small size makes it suitable for wearable detection systems.