LEACH-ICM: An Intra-Cluster Multi-hop Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for WSN

The LEACH protocol uses a random method to select cluster heads in the clustering phase of wireless sensor networks. Affected by the distance between nodes or the remaining energy, the cluster head nodes may die prematurely during the data transmission phase, thereby shortening the life cycle of the network. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a multi-hop energy-saving routing protocol based on LEACH protocol (LEACH-ICM). In the clustering stage, first consider the node energy and the distance between the node and the base station to optimize the cluster head selection process. Then, the Intra-cluster transmission path planning algorithm is used to optimize the data transmission path in the cluster, and the multi-hop method in the cluster is used for data transmission for the nodes whose transmission distance exceeds the threshold. After the simulation experiment is compared with the leach protocol, the method proposed in this paper can effectively alleviate the problem of premature death of nodes and prolong the network life cycle.