Identification of Electric Transmission Line Deterioration by an Adaptive Observer

In this work, an adaptive observer is designed to detect a uniform electric long transmission line failure by considering a distributed parameter’s model where both voltage and current at the line ends are measurable. In particular, deterioration of the resistance R and conductivity G per-unit length are considered the parameters with abnormal conditions. To avoid numerical problems during the design and to generalize the results, the distributed system and the excitation are transformed into a dimensionless model before the estimation problem formulation. Based on this model, a distributed observer with boundary injections is designed. Thus, this observer’s output errors can be used as a residual generator for the detection of the resistance and conductivity deterioration. An adaptive observer is constructed by combining the distributed observer and a set of updating rules to identify the parameter deviations. A long transmission line is adopted as a case study to show the feasibility of the proposition for transmission line monitoring with two different generator signals in simulations.