Space-Time-Polarization Channel Estimation With a Single Tripole in Multipath Environments

A new algorithm is proposed herein to estimate five-dimensional (5-D) space-time-polarization channel parameters for tri-polarized (tripole) antenna systems working in multipath environments. In the proposed algorithm, the multi path space-time-polarization channel is modeled by a third-order tensor, which is subsequently solved by exploiting low-rank decomposition techniques. After that, each multipath ray's azimuth-angle, elevation-angle, auxiliary polarization angle, polarization phase difference, and multipath delay are estimated in closed-form. The proposed algorithm is applicable to either narrowband or wideband systems of arbitrary bandwidth and center-frequency.