Optimization of Insole Shoe for Diabetic Mellitus Type 2 Using Finite Element Analysis

Diabetics need shoes as footwear to walk comfortably. One part of the shoe base is the insole. The insole is located on the inside of the shoe which has direct contact with the sole, so it has a function to maintain body balance. Insole for diabetic foot sufferers is used to correct biomechanical problems of the foot when standing or walking and to reduce damage to foot tissue. This study discusses the use of the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method in determining the optimal mechanical comfort factor from the 3D design of the insole model in diabetics. Design optimization stages to test 3D insole with Abaqus 2020 software through three tests, namely bending, torsion, and plantar pressure testing. The test produces parameter values of the mechanical properties of the material which are used as a reference in determining the optimal material. The mechanical properties of the material in the form of stress, strain, pressure, and energy values are used as parameters of mechanical comfort based on FEA. The analysis results obtained Memory Foam material as the most optimal material because it meets the parameters for mechanical comfort with the lowest average values such as stress-strain on bending test (Left insole: 0.161199 MPa; 0.004915 and Right insole: 0.210815 MPa; 0.006366), stress-strain on torsion test (Left insole: 0.117053 MPa; 0.003437 and Right insole: 0.062537 MPa; 0.001711), plantar contact pressure (Left insole: 516.26 MPa and Right insole: 576.11 MPa), and total energy (Left insole: 380.4 mJ and Right insole: 326.9 mJ). These results make the material has flexible properties to the shape of the foot and good shock absorption.