Physical And Mathematical Modeling Of Impedance-Based Fault Location Utilizing Synchrophasor Measurements

The focus of this paper is on the impedance-based transmission line fault location via synchronized phasor measurements. Physical and mathematical modeling involving real-time digital simulations is utilized to show that synchrophasor-based fault location is promising for extra-high voltage overhead transmission lines. A variety of single-end and double-end fault location methods are put together to show that the fault location accuracy can be well within 1--2 % for both P and M class filters defined in the IEEE C37.118 synchrophasor standard. The analysis is carried out for a reliable 750 kV line model built in the ATPDraw software along with an electric grid model with 500, 330, and 220 kV overhead lines sharing the same right-of-way. Unlike many other publications, no Fourier-simulated phasors under transients are exploited. Instead, we resort to physical modeling involving hardware equipped with synchrophasor functionality. An experimental setup is described, and future research directions are highlighted.