Synthesis of Van Atta Array Retrodirective Patterns Using Conventional Array Characterization

Van Atta Arrays are antennas with uniquely configured beamforming networks (BFN s) that allow for innate retrodirection of incident signals. While useful for a range of applications, their characterization has typically necessitated the use of radar cross-section (RCS) ranges. Our work proposes an alternate method that uses conventional array characterization, specifically element patterns and scattering matrix measurements, to synthesize both bistatic and monostatic RCS patterns for Van Atta arrays. This method is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally first with a cross-polarized dipole array followed by a counterwound octafilar helix antenna array. The benefits of the proposed synthesis method include fast design studies and trades of the Van Atta BFN enabling retrodirective operation. Among other things, this allows for broader access to experimental research on this topic. The significance of the structural radar cross-section is also discussed.