Land Subsidence Rate of Jakarta Metropolitan Area Observed By Stacking Sentinel-1 Data

The growth of Jakarta metropolitan area as capital city is increase from time to time. Even the rate of population growth tends to decline, but population still stresses Jakarta environment. The surface changes and ground deformation related to city growth can be observed continuously by satellite-based remote sensing. The launch of Sentinel-1 satellite with radar mission through Copernicus, which is a joint initiative of the European Commission and European Space Agency, enables continuous observation of earth's surface. This paper describes a study of ground deformation rate of Jakarta metropolitan area observed by processing Sentinel-1 data based on interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar method. Only small perpendicular baselines of SAR data pairs are selected from 2015 to 2019 to avoid the use of external Digital Elevation Model data. The land subsidence rate is obtained by stacking the unwrapped phase and it is found that the rate is different across the region. In the western part, the rate is around -2cm/year whereas in the eastern part is around -3cm/year. The pattern and the rate of land subsidence are confirmed by ascending and descending orbit direction.