The Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm Based-on Particle Energy and Particle Diffusion

Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA) is a new-proposed meta-heuristic algorithm motivated by the distribution behavior of the leading arithmetic operators. It is proved to perform well in optimization processes of complex engineering design problems. AOA has a slow convergence rate and tends to fall into local minima in multimodal optimization problems. This paper proposes an Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm based on particle energy and particle diffusion. On the one hand, the introduction of particle energy increases the chance of updating the particle’s position, which has not gained a satisfying solution, accelerating the convergence rate. On the other hand, particle diffusion prevents particles trapping in local minima. To verify the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, Improved Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (IAOA) is compared with nine state-of-the-art algorithms on 23 benchmark functions. Numerical results and Wilcoxon’s rank-sum tests show that IAOA performs significantly better than the original AOA and other comparative algorithms in convergence rate and solution accuracy.