The Current Situation of Vocational College Students' Moral Orientation and Its Influencing Factors Based on the Different Population Variables

Objective: The paper is to understand the moral orientation and influencing factors of current vocational students, analyze the existing problems, and provide effective strategies for further education and guidance of vocational students. Methods: Questionnaire survey was carried out among students in a vocational college in Shandong Province by literature method and questionnaire survey method, and SPSS19.0 was used for data analysis. Results: (1) The vast majority of students (93.72%) had a clear criterion for understanding moral connotation, and female students were more objective, rational and accurate than male students (
$\chi^{2}=19.162,\ \mathrm{P}=0.000 < 0.001$
). (2) There is a certain cognitive bias in the understanding of social injustice, showing the coexistence of positive and negative confrontation, hope and compromise; some students think that social injustice “should be eliminated” (48.66%), while others think that social injustice “is an inevitable phenomenon and cannot be changed” (21.07%); some students thought that social injustice “can stimulate people and social progress” (28.1%), while others thought it “doesn't matter” (2.17%); and girls were more inclined to be fair, positive and just than boys (
$\chi 2=11.878,\ \mathrm{P}=0.002 < 0.05$
). (3) The vast majority of students (93.07%) can keep clear cognition; only a few students have perceptual and wrong cognition in the use of power tendency; and girls are more cautious and responsible than boys (
$\chi^{2}=13.535,\, \mathrm{P}=0.004 < 0.05$
). (4) In terms of moral accomplishment and behavior evaluation of college students, the overall situation is positive and rational, while a few are negative and pessimistic. And female students are more confident and positive than male students; in terms of judgments that affect moral quality and behavior, they were more objective and rational (
$\chi^{2}=109.975, \mathrm{P}=0.000 < 0.001$
); in terms of the understanding of “the overall moral decline of college students”, Student cadres of middle school students were higher than non-student cadres (
$\chi^{2}=9.232, \mathrm{P}=0.026 < 0.05$
) with “completely agree” and “somewhat agree”. (5) Students of different grades have significant differences in social justice, the use of personal power and the lack of morality in college students (
$\mathrm{P} < 0.05$
). Conclusion: The moral orientation of most vocational college students is objective, positive and rational. Population variables such as gender, grade and political status have a significant impact on the moral orientation of vocational college students. Therefore, targeted education and guidance should be strengthened.