Wide-Area Measurement Assisted Fault Location Algorithm for Smart Grid

This paper proposes an algorithm for estimating the fault location in the smart grid using measurements from optimally placed phasor measurement units (PMU). The PMU locations are so chosen that every bus is observable by at least two PMU’s. As the first step towards implementing the algorithm, the fault section is initially identified using the measurements from the optimally placed PMU’s. After narrowing the faulty section, the fault location is calculated using the measurements derived from PMU’s. The algorithm is implemented in MATLAB and tested on the IEEE-14 bus system, simulated in the ATP-EMTP environment.