A Two-Stage Approach to Solve Voltage-Stability/Security-Constrained Optimal Power Flow Auction Systems by means of PSO and the Continuation Power Flow

Given the recent progresses in designing and implementing electricity market optimization-based tools to support power allocations that bridge the gap between supply and demand, the realistic modeling of optimal power flow-based auction systems provide transparent and higher transaction levels among market players, as well as more accurate locational marginal prices. Nevertheless, actual voltage stability/security representation in these auction systems remains an open question. Thus, this paper proposes a two-stage resolution framework for a nonlinear Voltage-Stability/Security-Constrained Optimal Power Flow (VSCOPF)-based auction system. The first stage of the proposed framework consists in solving a single-period two-sided VSCOPF-based auction system model by a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, which adjusts active power allocations and generator voltage magnitudes while verifying if the grid's technical-operational constraints are satisfied by power flow calculations. The system voltage stability/security is addressed in the second stage by a maximal loading problem solved by the Continuation Power Flow method. Then, if a minimal voltage stability/security margin condition is not satisfied, active power allocations and generator voltage magnitudes are readjusted by the PSO to comply with stable/secure power allocations. Results with a 6-bus test-system are presented to illustrate this proposal and, therefore, show the effectiveness of proposing a two-stage resolution framework for VSCOPF-based auction systems.