A Resilience-Oriented Decision-Making Model for the Operation of Smart Microgrids Subject to Techno-Economic and Security Objectives

Resilience is defined as the ability of the power system to maintain a desirable level of performance against severe turbulence and restore over an appropriate period of time. Adverse weather conditions and natural disasters have always led to intensive damage and extensive outages at the distribution network level. The number and severity of these events have often increased in recent years. Therefore, evaluating the resilience of the network and its restoration capability while confronting severe conditions, and alleviating how much electricity distribution networks are impacted by such nasty incidences should be among the long-term planning priorities for the design and operation of grids. In this paper, the structure of the proposed smart microgrid is first designed based on an IEEE test network including distributed energy resources (DER) subject to satisfy the targeted objectives, and the prevailing equations, and constraints of microgrid's energy balance with respect to the simulation of a sample event (storm occurrence and bad weather conditions). Then, the resilient criteria are assessed in accordance with the input information and parameters provided based on the estimation of the Energy Not Supplied (ENS) index and both faulted and normal operation indices in smart microgrid operational cases. The results imply that an accurate and practical estimation and selection of energy storage facility, as well as precise modeling of the smart microgrids, highly improves the resilience and reliability of the micro-grid in terms of economy and security, and can strengthen the level of stability to withstand against severe contingencies.