Vertically beamforming end-fired array antenna

While receiving signals well with high-gain antennas is also important in high-speed automotive environments, vertical beamforming as well as horizontal beamforming is also important in many interference signal environments. In particular, the endfire array antenna is capable of beamforming only in the horizontal direction, so it should be able to operate while avoiding interference in the up and down directions. This paper proposes an antenna structure to enable beamforming in the vertical direction in an endfire 2-array antenna. As a result of the design, vertical beamforming operates between 180 and 80 degrees and supports vertical beamforming that tilts in 12.5 degrees. The results obtained compared to a single antenna reduced the vertical HPBW(Half Power Beam Width) from 226 degrees to 118 degrees, and the gain rose from 4.55 dBi to 7.79 dBi. It shows us that additional gain has been obtained, as well as results that can avoid interference.