Factor Analysis of Financial and Economic Activities of Energy Enterprises of Ukraine

In modern conditions of the energy market crisis, the issues of increasing the efficiency of enterprises development in the energy sector of Ukraine have acquired particular relevance. The main task of energy enterprises is reliable and high-quality electricity supply to consumers at economically feasible tariffs. Energy has a number of its specific characteristics that fundamentally distinguish it from other types of economic activity: technological unity and coincidence in time of the processes of generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of energy; parallel operation of all stations for a combined daily load schedule; rapid development of accidents, which requires automatic control of modes. Energy is a specific commodity that distinguishes it from other types of commodities, namely: the impossibility of efficiently storing energy in large volumes; the impersonality of energy as a commodity, since all electricity is supplied to the general network; impossibility of energy rejection; energy demand is constant. For factor analysis, the principal component method was applied, which made it possible to reduce the dimension of the factor space and carry out its structuring and interpretation in the form of control factors. This approach makes it possible to carry out mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the main indicators of the activities of the enterprises under consideration in order to manage them.