A Novel and High Gain Antenna Design for Autonomous Vehicles of 6G Wireless Systems

Future 6G communication systems will include full autonomous system to some applications, such as Autonomous Vehicle. Autonomous vehicle with integrated RADAR technologies will require antennas with different gains, half-power beamwidths (HPBW), and different radiation zones for different purposes such as parking assistance, lane change, emergency braking, and traffic jam assist. Millimeter-wave (mmW) frequency bands are being recommended by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) for the vehicular RADAR system. This paper describes a novel tooth-shaped patch antenna development with better performance for autonomous vehicles. The antenna is designed at 77 GHz. The designed patch antenna exhibits lower mutual coupling effect with higher gain. Gain and current distribution of the novel tooth-shaped patch antenna was found as 9.4 dB and 1.36 *10
⁰³
A/m. On the other hand the corresponding values in case of conventional patch were 7.2 dB and 4.99 *10
⁰²
A/m. The return loss of the tooth-shaped antenna is -37.9441 dB. The designed antenna can be used in future 6G autonomous vehicles.