Long Short-Term Memory approach for Wave Height Prediction: Study Case in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia

Predicting wave height is critical for sea navigation, operational activities on offshore platforms, and coastal areas such as ports. The traditional approach in wave height prediction systems is to utilize the numerical tool for simulating wave energy propagation by solving the energy balance equation. The method requires a very high computation resource. For calculating wave height prediction from wind field data in this research, we applied a machine learning methodology, namely the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method, which requires fewer computer resources. To create a dataset for the algorithm’s training and testing , we simulate continuous wave simulation from wind field data by using SWAN model, which is based on a phase averaged wave model. As wind field input for the model, we utilize the ECMWF ERA-5 reanalysis wind data collection as the model’s wind field input. We chose a research area in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, as a case study. In addition, we investigate the impact of various wind data inputs on the results of wave height prediction in Jakarta Bay. With several wind inputs, the LSTM model predictions wave data with good results.