Research on Trigonometric Velocity Scheduling Algorithm of Five-axis CNC System Based on Constraints

A novel algorithm is addressed for acceleration and deceleration planning of five-axis CNC (Computer Numerical Control) System, aiming at vibration of CNC caused by the velocity and acceleration of rotation axis beyond the limit range of the machine tool. The algorithm uses trigonometric functions to plan the velocity, acceleration and jerk, and carries on the kinematic constraints of the translational axis and the rotation axis. Experiment shows that this is a simple and effective algorithm to achieve continuous velocity, acceleration and jerk within the limited range of five-axis CNC System, thereby reducing machine vibration and achieving high speed, high efficiency and high precision machining.

I. Introduction

Five-axis machining provides infinite possibilities as to the part sizes and shapes you can effectively process. The term “five-axis” refers to the number of directions in which the cutting tool can move. On a five-axis machining center, the cutting tool moves across the X, Y and Z linear axes as well as rotates on the A and B axes to approach the workpiece from any direction. In other words, you can process five sides of a part in a single setup. Tool feedrate acceleration and deceleration control is one of the important links to realize high-speed and high-precision NC machining^[1].