Research on Shading Effect inside Photovoltaic Greenhouses and Its Optimization Method Based on Parametric Modeling

Greenhouse planting is of great significance to the modernization of agriculture. The advent of photovoltaic greenhouses has increased the land use rate compared with the original greenhouse planting, and has produced more clean energy, greatly reducing the carbon emission. However, the photovoltaic system will lead to the shading effect in the greenhouse, which harms the growth and development of crops. Therefore, it is critical to analyze the internal circumstances when the photovoltaic greenhouse to be designed. To this end, this paper firstly analyzes the key elements in the design of photovoltaic greenhouses. Then, based on typical photovoltaic solar greenhouses in China, an analysis method is proposed using parametric modeling combined with historical meteorological data. Finally, the changes of the distribution of light environment in photovoltaic greenhouses under different coverage ratios are compared, providing a theoretical basis for the optimization of photovoltaic greenhouses, and a regulation method of photovoltaic greenhouses based on the characteristics of crop light requirements is proposed, which maximizes the overall income under the condition of ensuring the normal growth and development of crops.