Economic Assessment of V2B and V2G for an Office Building

The development of smart grids, bidirectional chargers and the increase of the number of electric vehicles (EV) have made possible the implementation of technologies such as vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and vehicle-to-building (V2B). Under optimized operation, these methods can lead to savings in the energy bill and benefits to the electricity grid. This paper aims to assess the usage of V2G and V2B concepts in a business setting. For this purpose, we simulate an EV parking lot in the Southern California Edison (SCE) territory, connected to an office. A mathematical programming optimization determines when the charging and discharging of the stored energy should take place in order to minimize electricity bill given specific customer electricity rate regimes. The expected cost savings are analyzed according to SCE's real-time pricing tariffs for medium-size businesses.