Applying Different Wide-Area Response-Based Controls to Different Contingencies in Power Systems

Electrical disturbances in the power system can threaten stability. One-shot control is an effective method for stabilizing some events. In this paper, predetermined amounts of loads are increased or decreased around the network. Determining the amounts of loads, and the location for shedding is crucial. This paper is completed in two different sections. First, finding the effective control combinations, and second, finding an algorithm for applying different control combinations to different contingencies in real time. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to find the effective control combinations. Next, decision trees (DT) are trained to assess the benefits of applying each of the three most effective control combinations found by PSO method. The DT outputs are combined into an algorithm for selecting the best control in real time. Finally, the algorithm is evaluated using a test set of contingencies. The results reveal a 46% improvement in comparison to previous studies.

I. Introduction

Providing reliable and stable electrical power is one of the crucial subjects in the operation of the electrical systems. Because of the electrical faults in power stations, damages to electric transmission lines or loss of transmission equipment, the power supply faces many difficulties. On occasion the intensity of some disturbances are high enough to cause the generators to lose their synchronization, so a black-out may happen. In some situations, cascading outages may happen in the electrical grid.