A Novel PID-FOPD Controller for LFC Including IPFC and RFB

This paper deals with the three-area power system load frequency control (LFC), comprises of thermal generation including reheat turbines. A cascade proportional integral derivative (PID) and fractional order proportional derivative (FOPD) i.e. PID-FOPD controller is proposed and analysed for LFC mechanism. Here cascading and fractional order mechanism will increase the degree of freedom of the proposed controller. Furthermore, interline power flow controller (IPFC) in combination with redox flow battery (RFB) ensures more improvement in system stability. Here, integral square error (ISE) is considered as performance index (PI) and a meta-heuristic sine cosine algorithm (SCA) is executed to optimize the controller parameters. The simulation results with MATLAB/SIMULINK® toolbox illustrates the advantage of the proposed controller over classical controllers for small load perturbation (SLP) and random load perturbation (RLP) in three-area power system. Lastly, sensitivity is checked by varying system parameters, which demonstrates the robustness PID-FOPD controller.