Automotive GNSS Antenna Platform-Induced Group Delay Biases on GPS L1 signals

The placement of the antenna on a vehicle platform plays a crucial role in the performance of a GNSS positioning sys-tem. Based on empirical data, it is shown that different antenna positions on a vehicle yield variations in the C/N
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values and pseudo-range measurement biases over azimuth and elevation. Fast variations of the latter can impede the positioning accuracy. With simulations it was possible to coarsely recreate this behavior, demonstrating that these effects are real and important for the performance of a high integrity GNSS positioning system.