Impact Study of a Microgrid with Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and Hybrid Distributed Energy Resources using MATLAB Simulink and T-test Analysis

Power grid's most common problem is the unpredictable occurrence of the fault on its system. External and internal faults in power system network can result to severe instability and reduces the reliability of the electrical system. For this paper, the researchers tried to mimic the situation wherein the microgrid is disconnected to the grid or islanded while having a renewable energy as its source. Testing the reliability of the system by injecting a three-phase fault and single line to ground fault will give a better analysis of the stability of the system. This opens the opportunity for engineers to innovate on how to improve the performance and efficiency of renewable energy for consumers. With solar power and wind power becoming the more commonly used renewable energy source in most places, this paper will tackle if it can further enhance their reliability in places with independent electrical grid. The researchers use MATLAB/Simulink to model a microgrid consisting of a Photovoltaic (PV) for solar power and Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) for the wind power. Looking to improve the system, a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is installed together with PV and WECS, forming a Hybrid Distributed Energy Resource. Simulation different test cases wherein various scenarios occur. For this research, three phase fault and single-line-to-ground fault was simulated. This paper will show if a battery will truly help the performance of the microgrid system, how much will it contribute, and what type of scenario where the BESS will be most useful by using the method of t-test analysis. T-test yielded a t-stat value of -6.65 and 17.55 for SLG fault load real power and load reactive power, respectively, falls on the reject region, which is less than the negative value of the two critical two tail and more than the positive value of the two critical two tail. It indicates that there is a significant difference between systems with battery and systems without battery.