Comparative Analysis of Scientific Research between China and the United States Based on Academic Big Data

The ability of scientific and technological innovation is an important part of a country's comprehensive strength. In recent years, the competition between China and the United States in the field of science and technology has attracted the attention of many scholars. As an important carrier of science and technology, academic data lays a foundation for quantitative analysis of the differences between China and the United States in the field of science and technology. Based on the data of Web of Science, this paper makes a comprehensive comparative analysis of the science and technology level of China and the United States, including the aspects of scientific research input, scientific research output, paper quality and field differences etc. We find that although there are still large gaps between the scientific and technological capabilities of China and the United States, these gaps are gradually narrowing due to the efforts in recent years. The results of this paper can be used for reference to accurately grasp the scientific and technological level of the two countries and formulate relevant policies in the future.