A New Stochastic Petri Nets Modeling for Dual Cluster Heads Configuration in Energy-Harvesting WSNs

This paper proposes a new Stochastic Petri Nets modeling to describe the route taken by the packets to reach the base station from any sensor node in wireless sensor networks. This formulation examines the case where the network is structured into clusters. Each cluster contains two leaders: A Cluster Head and a Collector that cooperate to route the packets from the source to the endpoint. This configuration aims to conserve energy by balancing it through the network. Furthermore, given that a sensor node consumes the majority of its power in the communication process that is affected by the distance of the recipient, this formulation associates data gathering and data processing to the Collector whereas it associates the far sending task to the cluster head. From the proposed formulation, we derive performance formulas and we conduct some experimental analysis that allows to determine the most suitable compromise between energy consumption reduction and longevity of service.