The development and evaluation of an augmented reality learning system for Japanese compound verbs using learning analytics

Advances in mobile technology are providing new opportunities for mobile learning. Augmented reality (AR) technologies may be used on mobile devices and have the potential to facilitate improvements in learning performance. Meanwhile, the amount of data available about learners and their learning activities is rapidly increasing. Using learning analytics allows the collection of learning data to effectively analyze learning behaviors and processes. In this study, we designed and developed an AR learning system based on the temporal and spatial continuity principles of the multimedia learning theory to aid Japanese compound verb acquisition. We also employed the learner-to-learning materials interaction to analyze the relationship between learning behaviors and learning performance. The results showed that the use of an AR learning system assisted learners in improving their learning and retention of compound verbs, whereas repeated trials of the learning behavior enhanced the learning of compound verbs.