Frequency Control Impact of Electric Vehicles on Grid-Connected Areas

This paper presents an emergency frequency control potential of Electric Vehicles (EV)s in a wide area network. Lyapunov energy function is used to maximize the rate of reduction of total kinetic energy in a two-area grid after a contingency event. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy on damping the oscillations is studied, exploring the locations aspect of the model with the charging stations either in the center of grid-connected areas or in the corners.