Power Stability and Frequency Control Techniques of DG for a High Penetration Wind-Based Energy Storage System Using Integral–Derivative Controller

Distributed generation (DG) has environmental as well as economic benefits and develops new concepts to make the power network more effective and minimize pollution in the environment. Being the fluctuation behavior of renewable energy sources (RESs), generation, balance, and demand is not an easy task to control because it is not desirable to have a constant power generation from RESs due to natural prospects. As a result, the dynamic stability of power flow and control of frequency is becoming more challenging due to the high penetration impacts of RESs. In this article, we have proposed a control algorithm with two scenarios for a high-penetration/hybrid diesel wind-based energy storage system to maintain the dynamic stability of power flow and control the frequency in the overall power system. The results show, using an integral–derivative (I–D) controller, the transient time of wind power flow and the fluctuation rate of frequency are reduced significantly compared to the prior research of publication. To regulate the network frequency, a storage system (battery) was used to store the excess energy without throwing it to the secondary/dump load (DL) and minimize the wastage of power produced by the wind turbine. The battery was supplied the excess wind power when there is a high load demand.