5G Communication Signal Based Localization with a Single Base Station

With the growing demand for high accuracy indoor localization, the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication technology based localization attracts increasing attention. Aiming at the indoor localization with a single base station, this paper proposes a 5G signal based localization method by employing the estimates of the angle of arrival (AoA) and the time of flight (ToF). The proposed method takes advantage of the large bandwidth and subcarrier spacing of 5G signals to improve localization accuracy. First, the base station carries out frequency synchronization and channel estimation to obtain the channel state information (CSI) matrix. Second, the CSI matrix is utilized for joint estimation of the AoA and ToF for each path. Finally, the corresponding geometric localization method is applied. Simulation results show that this method can achieve a centimeter-level localization accuracy.