Analysis of Multi-Time-Scale Business Models for the Development of Virtual Power Plants

As an effective technical means, the virtual power plants (VPPs) plays important roles for promoting the accommodation of renewable energies through adjusting distributed resources. Therefore, it is essential to explore the business models of VPPs for their sustainable development. In this paper, multi-time-scale business models for VPPs are proposed considering the short-term, medium-term and long-term development, where subjects, technical means, effects and profits for different business models are analyzed. Four short-term business models for VPPs are proposed including agent power purchase mode, ancillary services, load aggregator model, and power demand response transaction, while the medium-term and long-term business models for VPPs include energy optimization for customers, energy financial services, agency quotation services.