Blockchain Based Spectrum Sensing: A Game-Driven Behavior Strategy

Spectrum sensing is an important step of Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA). However, the existing sensing technology are limited by the scarcity of sensing nodes, the narrow sensing range, and the security issues. In this paper, Crowd Sensing (CS) is used to collect sensed data with a large number of mobile devices equipped with sensors to ensure reliability and sensing range. In order to solve single point of failure caused by the vulnerability of the cluster in CS, we used the characteristics of blockchain (i.e. de-centralization and de-trust) to ensure the security and correctness of the spectrum trading process. Specifically, a Blockchain Based Spectrum Sensing (BBSS) system is proposed, in which requester recruit sensing workers to involve in spectrum sensing, sensing workers obtain benefits by participating in spectrum sensing and miner verifies and packages transactions into the blockchain. In particular, the recruitment and sensing worker's response is modeled as a Reward-Sensing-time game, and the strategy of requester is the total reward R, and the strategy of sensing worker is the sensing time t. We proved that both of them can adopt strategies to maximize their own benefits. Simulation results show that requester benefit increases with the growing number of sensing workers, but the amplification is smaller and smaller. A certain sensing worker who adopted strategy can achieve larger benefit compared with random allocation of sensing time when the number of sensing workers is smaller (less than 500) in the system.