A Wideband Planar Inverted-F Antenna for Ka-Band 5G System Applications

In this paper, a wideband millimeter-wave slotted planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is proposed and developed. A slotted patch is printed on a substrate with gridded ground plane structure and overlapping cells. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) is employed to widen the operational bandwidth by searching for the optimal localization of the slots on the ground plane. The proposed antenna covers a wide operating bandwidth (|S
₁₁
| <; -10dB) of 12.5 GHz (24.5 -37 GHz) and has a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern at its resonant frequencies. The radiation efficiency varies from 81.5% to 99%.