A State-of-the-Art Review on xEVs and Charging Infrastructure

The aim of this paper is to introduce the new emerging technology of x-electric vehicles (xEVs); where x is a general term which stands for hybrid/plug-in/battery e.t.c. xEVs have emerged as an alternate for internal combustion (IC) engine based vehicles because of their lower dependence on fossil fuel, thus causing less environmental pollution (mainly CO and CO
₂
) and hence plays an important role in saving the earth from global warming. Moreover, xEVs are far more efficient than IC engine based vehicles. Thus, it is a wise option to switch for xEVs to IC engine based vehicles. In this paper the xEVs technology is discussed in detail which includes their charging infrastructures, charging power levels and energy storage systems. Moreover, the hurdles in the way to success of this technology are discussed and the most efficient solution to them are suggested which are easy to implement and do not need large investments.