A Hybrid Deep Learning-Based Power System State Forecasting

Smart power grids are one of the most complex cyberphysical systems, delivering electricity from power generation stations to consumers. It is critically important to know exactly the current state of the system as well as its state variation tendency; consequently, state estimation and state forecasting are widely used in smart power grids. Given that state forecasting predicts the system state ahead of time, it can enhance state estimation because state estimation is highly sensitive to measurement corruption due to the bad data or communication failures. In this paper, a hybrid deep learning-based method is proposed for power system state forecasting. The proposed method leverages Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for predicting voltage magnitudes and a deep Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for predicting phase angels. The proposed CNN-RNN model is evaluated on the IEEE 118-bus benchmark. The results demonstrate that the proposed CNN-RNN model achieves better results than the existing techniques in the literature by reducing the normalized Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of predicted voltages by 10%. The results also show a 65% and 35% decrease in the average and maximum absolute error of voltage magnitude forecasting.