OculusGraphy: Literature Review on Electrophysiological Research Methods in Ophthalmology and Electroretinograms Processing Using Wavelet Transform

To date, electrophysiological research (EPR) remains an important source of objective assessment of the visual analyzer functional state. The ability to exclude the EPR subject subjectivity is no doubt an attractive advantage of EPR. In particular, an essential advantage is the functional topographic assessment of the malfunction of the visual analyzer systems. Localized electrophysiology of the vision organ is submitted by a variety of methods for recording the biomedical signals. High complexity and many confounder factors during signal receiving may be complicated by the final result analyzing given by ranging from stimulation parameters to the state of the patient himself. Differential diagnosis, preclinical toxicology, and scientific and experimental models are the main emphasis of EPR. Potential prospects of EPR provide new opportunities for effective implementation of multifocal electroretinography. Classical EPR does not provide detailed and quantitative information about the state of the visual analyzer. This implies the need to optimize and algorithmize assessment data of ophthalmic pathology, even more than before, environmental concerns differentiated criteria inherent into a particular ocular pathology. This article presents literature review of electrophysiological methods in ophthalmology and the processing of electroretinograms using wavelet transform. To efficient processing of electroretinograms, it is necessary to separate the high-frequency and low-frequency components from the experimental signal. The low-frequency component is an oscillatory response or oscillatory potentials generated by the cells of the inner layers of the retina. This article notes the need to vary the basis functions of the wavelet transform and the methods of time-frequency analysis based on the results of electroretinograms processing.