Landsman Convereter Based Sensorless BLDC Motor Driven Solar PV-Battery fed E-Rickshaw with Regenerative Braking

This paper presents a novel configuration of solar photovoltaic (PV)- battery fed e-rickshaw driven by sensorless brushless direct current (BLDC) motor with Landsman converter is used for maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The effort is being made to realize the system economical and robust. A simple and cost-effective regenerative braking is incorporated in the e-rickshaw, a step towards green mobility and zero carbon emission. The power flow during energy regeneration is controlled by a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) thus eliminating the needs of any additional converter. The energy recovered from the BLDC motor during deacceleration transferred into the battery and thus extending the range of the vehicle and minimizes the loss. The Landsman converter is used to achieve the maximum power point. An AAdvantage of using a Landsman converter lies within higher voltage gain than the conventional buck-boost converter and it eliminates ripple in both PV array and the battery current. The solar-PV array mounted on roof-top of E-rickshaw with the Landsman converter, provides a smooth and continuous operation regardless of climate conditions. A modified terminal voltage based sensorless control, which works satisfactorily in low speed, is developed to avoid Hall position sensors and its power circuits involved with it. The range of the vehicle is improved to a great extent. The system under study, becomes extremely cost-effective and simple to control and implement in practical scenario. The feasibility of the system is studied and analyzed in detail.