A Minimal RISC-V Vector Processor for Embedded Systems

This paper presents the first RISC-V vector processor design aimed at microcontrollers that uses the new RISC-V `V' extension for vectors, part of the open-source RISC-V instruction set architecture (ISA). Being aimed at small embedded devices, it demonstrates a simpler method of parallel execution than traditional vector architectures to minimise logic. It has been synthesised for testing on an FPGA at 50MHz. Typical vector-compatible applications have been used as benchmarks. Performance has been improved by up to 5.8x for the demonstrated applications relative to a comparable scalar RISC-V processor, for an increase in FPGA resource utilisation of at most 2.6x.