Shifting from Fossil Fuel Vehicles to H2 based Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles: Case Study of a Smart City

Most of the electricity generation and transportation industries are based on fossil fuels in the present scenario but these fossil fuels are the main source of Green House Gas (GHG) emissions and global warming increment. CO
₂
is the key component in GHG emissions. These emissions can be reduced by using a renewable energy source like solar for electricity generation and using Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) technology for transportation. Total CO
₂
emission from 87,470 cars and 7,44,678 two-wheelers of Smart City Udaipur is calculated as 52 tonnes per km of driving distance. 100 vehicles (50 cars and 50 two-wheelers) are selected for pilot project calculation of required solar PV Plant size and required fuel for FCEV. 16,669.16 kWh electricity and 3,310 litres of water will be required per day for the electrolysis process to produce 331 kg hydrogen. Solar PV plant of 4 MW capacity will be required for enough electricity generation. MATLAB simulations of 6 kW (for bikes) and 50 kW (for cars) PEM Fuel Cell is done and some graphs are plotted in this paper with the help of simulation outputs like- power, efficiency, utilization etc.