Modeling Power-to-Gas in the Electrical Energy System in Real-Time Simulator

One solution to compensate for fluctuations in renewable energy sources is the use of power-to-gas (PtG) systems. These convert excess energy from the power grid into synthetic gases that can either be stored or used directly in other energy sectors. The PtG system, therefore, represents an interface between the electrical energy and gas sectors and enables energy transfer between the two. Furthermore, seasonal load fluctuations in the power grid are compensated, e.g. excess solar energy from the summer months can be stored in the form of gas and converted back into electricity in winter if necessary. As part of the work, we develop a simulation model for the modelling of PtG systems in the electrical energy system. This initially requires extensive literature research to characterize the various modules of PtG systems. These include the electrolysis of water, the methanation of hydrogen, the modelling of gas storage and the regeneration of synthetic gases via fuel cells or gas power plants. The model is intended to provide essential insights into the dynamic behavior of PtG systems to determine their suitability for the provision of secondary control power. Furthermore, the model is to be used to create a basis for an economic evaluation of various implementation options for PtG plants.