Active Power Flow Analysis Based on Nash Equilibrium Method of Game Theory

Since electric power is considered a kind of commodity, power flow distribution should be a certain reflection of economic relationships between power generation and demand of energy markets. However, this point of view is not sufficiently explained in conventional power flow analysis. Thus, a game model is established in this study based on basic relations of power transmission to substantially reveal the internal economic characteristic of active power flow. Then, an algorithm is proposed to solve the game model by evolutionary computation. The results of the algorithm illustrate that the Nash equilibrium is satisfied in the active power balance between sending and receiving buses. According to the test studies, the game model driven by economic activations generates conform active power distribution results compared to the results obtained by the Newton method. Consequently, it is demonstrated that the Nash equilibrium exists in the active power flow. This study proposes a method to reveal steady features and compositions of power flow by tracing power flow distribution in terms of a gradual dynamic process.