Optimal design of a three degrees of freedom based controller for AGC of a power system with renewable energy sources

This paper articulates the automatic generation control of an intricate power system in the presence of different non-linearities. To preserve the system frequency, and tie-line power within a certain limit, it is imperative to design an expert controller for AGC to meet the delivery of quality power to the end users. In this paper, PID controllers with different degrees of freedom such as 2DOF-PID, and 3DOF-PID controllers are designed conglomerating with derivative filter to employ as secondary controllers in AGC. And their gains are evaluated by applying a nascent selfish herd optimization SHO) technique. At first, a normal load variation of 1% is injected in area-1, and the dynamic performance of 3DOF-PID controller is compared with PID, and 2DOF-PIDN controller. Along with this investigation, robustness of the proposed controller is examined against variable load, and variable solar irradiation.