Optimal Sizing and Siting of EV Charging Stations in a Real Distribution System Environment

Fully electric vehicles have started to gain more importance due to the idea of allowing increased use of electricity in the transportation sector in recent years. However, high penetration of electric vehicles into the existing power systems may cause significant challenges especially for the distribution systems due to their charging demand. This study covers a mixed-integer linear programming model with the aim of optimal locating and dimensioning for electric vehicle charging stations in a distribution system. The proposed model is tested in the distribution system of a region in Turkey managed by the Osmangazi Electricity Distribution Company. Besides, the study considers the power flow between the regions via linear approximation of losses. Therefore, the propounded model includes power flow restrictions due to the power limitation of the grid, transformers, and the transmission capacity of branches. To show the efficacy of the model, simulations are conducted by using measured load data along with the actual electric vehicle data.