Effects of a Head Support on Children with Hypotonia in the Cervical Spine

Children with hypotonia of the muscles near the cervical spine have reduced head control and are unable to maintain an upright head posture. These children often use an external head support to hold their heads upright. With their head held in the proper position, they often develop more functional head movements. Previous studies have measured functional changes to subjects using the head support but have not studied the forces exerted on the head support. This study observes subjects with GMFCS Level V and their functional skills alongside the forces exerted on the head support over a 4-month period. A force sensor attached to the base of the head support was used to collect force data to compare with classroom observations of the child's functional performance by occupational and physical therapists. Subjects showed an increase of up to 67% in quadrants where they previously had ¡1% activity at the beginning of the study. Each subject had increased time exerting forces greater than the weight of the head in later weeks of data recording as well as increased peak forces magnitude. Studying the functional impacts of subjects using a head support with measured forces can highlight important aspects of skill development and progress towards milestones for children with hypotonia.