Misalignment Correction in Wireless Power Transfer of Electric Vehicles by Angular Compensation

In this paper, an alignment strategy is proposed for correcting the misalignment between stationary and vehicle coils of an Electric Vehicle (EV) during wireless charging operation. The idea of the proposed method is based on antenna mechanical alignment concept in telecommunication. The proposed system aligns the coils through angular rotation and is therefore capable of mitigating misalignment in all directions. This is achieved by accurate tilting of both stationary and vehicle coils in the desired direction. ANSYS Maxwell software package is used to evaluate the effect of tilting both coils during misalignment in Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) and it is shown that the proposed approach can significantly improve efficiency in misaligned conditions. Simulation results show that an efficiency reduction of 9.73% due to a 130 mm misalignment can be mitigated to a reduction of only 3.31% when the proposed tilting approach is used.