Compact Calibration-Free Eye-Tracking System for Students with Severe Physical and Intellectual Disabilities

Use of eye-tracking systems as a computer-input method to advance communication and visual behaviors has been recognized as effective for educating students with severe physical disability. We have also examined that technology for students with severe physical and intellectual disabilities (SPID), including profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). We hypothesized that a calibration-free system can be useful for such students because it completely reduces the calibration load of any application software. Our earlier research supported the hypothesis, but highlighted the need for a more compact system. This research examined a compact-type calibration-free eye-tracking system for such students. We developed a prototype based on a compact 19-inch (48 cm) display. Results of trial use by two students in a special school suggest the prototype effectiveness, but additional difficulties were pointed out for the system fixation and long-term use by many more students.