Optimization of Hybrid Fractal Antenna Using Curve Fitting and GA Approach for RF Energy Harvesting Application

RF energy harvesting (RFEH) is one of the solutions for the renewable energy sources. RFEH can provide energy to low power devices wirelessly with the help of antenna and rectifier. In present times the devices are small and compact therefore it requires the compact antenna. The hybrid fractal antenna used in this paper for the RFEH is a miniaturized design. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used for optimizing the hybrid fractal antenna for the 2.45 GHz frequency. Curve fitting approach is used to develop an equation which relates the resonant frequency to the dimensions of the antenna and this equation is used as objective function of GA. The antenna gain of hybrid fractal antenna is 6.21 dBi with the antenna efficiency of 77.9 %. This proposed hybrid fractal antenna has resulted in size reduction of 52.47 %. The experimental and simulated results are in good agreement. This antenna can be used for the RFEH applications in the ISM band.