Electromagnetic Field Modeling for Wireless Power Transfer in Biological Tissue

The authors present a mathematical model that can be used to model the electromagnetic (EM) fields generated by a vertically oriented magnetic dipole (VMD) located above a conductive half-space, such as biological tissue. The model was compared to a full-wave simulation in CST. The difference is shown to be below 8.1% on average for frequencies ranging from 13 MHz to 5 GHz. It executes over 800 times faster than a full-wave solver, using more than 20 times less memory, and can be adapted to model more realistic magnetic sources without much extra effort. This model can improve the design process of inductive or radiative links significantly, enabling rapid design iteration. It is well suited for biomedical applications. Extension to magnetic sources with arbitrary orientation, as well as electric sources, is possible.