Modelling the Causal Relationship among Variables that Influencing the Carbon Emission from Tourist Travel to Karimunjawa

The main purpose of this paper is to explain and demonstrate the complex structure that links each variable within carbon emission and tourist travel to Karimunjawa, Indonesia through the causal loop diagram (CLD). Three CLDs, which belong to three sub-systems were used. The first CLD belongs to the number of tourists travel to the Karimunjawa sub-system. The second sub-system belongs to the cost of tourist travel to Karimunjawa sub-system, and the third sub-system belongs to the switching behavior of tourists travel to Karimunjawa and the CO2 emission sub-system. At least one important driver in each sub-system. The findings in this paper put forward some important issues that require to run the full simulation of some proposed scenarios.